River basin

RIVER  BASIN

There are eight river basins in FMIS focus area:  

1. Gandak
2. Burhi  gandak 
3. Bagmati 
4. Adhwara group
5. Kamla  Balan
6. Kosi
7. Mahananda 
8. Ganga Stem in Bihar

 

1. Gandak

The river Gandhak originates at an altitude of 7620 m above MSL in the north of Dhaulagisi in Tibet near Nepal border at Latitude 29⁰18' N and Longitude 83⁰58'E, in the shownypeaks of the Himalyas. The river enters the Indian territory near Tribeni town in Nepal. Thereafterd the river flows in a southerly direction and forms boundary between Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. It flows through the west Champaran, East Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Gopalganj, Siwan, Saren and Vaishali districts of Bihar and Gorakhpur and Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh before joining Ganga at Hazipur.

2.Burhi gandak

The river Burhi Gandak originates  from chautarwa chaur near   Bisambharpur in the district of  West Champaran in Bihar and flows through the districts of  East champaran ,Muzaffarpur,  Samastipur and Begusarai. It outfalls into the Ganga near Khagaria. The total catchment area is 12021 sq.Km, out of which 9601 sq.Km lies in Bihar and rest in Nepal. There is no major or medium project over the Burhi Gandak river system.

Salient Features of the Burhi Gandak Basin:

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3. Bagmati

Bagmati is a perennial river of North Bihar. It originates from the shivpuri range of hills in Nepal at latitude 27⁰ 47’ N and longitude 85⁰ 17’E., 16 Km North-East of Kathmandu at an elevation of 1500 m above MSL. It enters Indian territory in Bihar in the village Shorwatia in Sitamarhi district, nearly 2.5 Km north of Dheng railway station.The total length of this river is about 589 Km .It traverses nearly 195 Km in Nepal and rest 394 Km in Bihar. It outfalls in the kosi at Badlaghat.
 

4. Adhwara group

Adhwara group of rivers originates from foot hills of Nepal. Nearly 70% of discharge of this river passes through the Khiroi. The rest 30 percent goes to meet the river Dhaus near Karharaghat. Then the river crosses north of Kamtaul railway station and finally falls into the Darbhanga -Bagmati at Ekmighat .

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Salient Features of the Bagmati Basin including Adhwara

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5. Kamla Balan

The river Kamla originates from Mahabharat range of hills in Nepal near Sindhuliagarhi at an elevation of 1200 metres at the latitude 27⁰15^' N and longitude 85⁰57^' E.It enters Indian territory in the district of Madhubani in Bihar,3.5 Km upstream of Jainagar town.A barrage known as Kamla barrage has been constructed by the state Government near Jainagar.It joins the river Kareh (Bagmati) at Badlaghat.The total length of the river Kamla –Balan is 328 Km of which 208 Km is in Nepal and the remaining 120 Km is in India. The river Kamla –Balan drains a total catchment area of 7232 Sq Km. Out of this 4488 Sq Km lies in Bihar in India and the rest 2744 Sq Km in Nepal.

Salient Features of the Kamla Basin:

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6.Kosi

The river Kosi originates at an altitude of over 7000 m above MSL in the Himalayas. The upper catchment of the river system lies in Nepal and Tibet. The highest peak in the world , the Mount Everest and the Kanchenjunga are in the Kosi catchment.It is known as Sapta Kosi in Nepal.It enters the Indian territory near Hanuman Nagar in Nepal.It joins the Ganga river near Kursela in Katihar district. The river Kosi drains a total catchment area of 74030 Sq.Km in India and other countries.Out of the total catchment area of the Kosi, only 11410 Sq.Km lies in India and the rest 62620 Sq.Km lies in Tibet and Nepal.

Salient Features of the Kosi Basin:

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7. Mahananda

8. Ganga Stem in Bihar

There are few small river that meat river Ganga directly such as River Karmnasha near Chausa, river Kao-Thora near Bukar, river Dharmawati and Gangi between Buxar and Ara and river Gerua near Ghogha (Bhagalpur) from right side and river Mahi near Sonepur and river Baya near Bachhwara from left side in Bihar known as Ganga stem Basin.